Afanasyeva, A. Forced relocations of the Kola Sámi people: background and consequences / by Anna Afanasyeva. - Tromsø: University of Tromsø, 2013. - 82 p.: ill., map, portr.

9 went much better to do work with the hand written notes or by writing down the interviews from dictation. However, this type of work is obviously more time- consuming. The total amount of collected audio data is 10 hours of recorded interview material. In the course of research fieldwork 11 interviews were carried out with people from 3 areas of relocations: Varzino, Jokanga and Voron’e. All of the three settlements were located along the coast of the Kola Peninsula. Varzino and Jokanga were located at the Northeastern part of the coast and Voron’e was located on the Northwestern coast of the Peninsula. The choice for analysis of these particular geographical locations is predetermined by the following factor: the studied territory of the Kola coast is especially interesting as characterized not only by establishment and influence of the old Northern European trading routes and neighbors, but in particular by militarization of these territories. This factor, along with the implementation of the Soviet policies of industrialization in the whole region increased influence on the traditional settlement pattern causing differentchanges from the Eastern part of Peninsula. 20 Until recently this factor mainly predetermined restricted access of the indigenous people to their lands and some of these territories were closed military areas with restricted access up to around the year 2010: unlike other parts of the Russian Arctic, the western Kola Peninsula was subjected to industrialization and militarization. 21 Today some of these lands are opened again, e.g. Varzino, and some are still closed, e.g. Jokanga. The two studied settlements on the Northeastern coast of the Kola Peninsula were affected by the relocation policy measures as were most other Sami villages. At the time, the situation of Voron’e occupies anexceptional position among the other settlements, as the elimination of this village was implemented in connection with industrial development, namely building the hydroelectric power station. Thus, the data provides an overview of both similarities and differences of the studied processes though they occurred relatively close to each other geographically allowing to a greater extent, the ability to trace the variation of relocation processes. 20 Wheelersburg, Gutsol 2008:82. 21 ibid: 5.