Afanasyeva, A. Forced relocations of the Kola Sámi people: background and consequences / by Anna Afanasyeva. - Tromsø: University of Tromsø, 2013. - 82 p.: ill., map, portr.

4 Addressing these studies allows us to look at the forced relocation discussed in this Master’s thesis on a broader scope worldwide. As soon as these studies are devoted not only to discussions of the forced relocations of indigenous people, but general human displacement, addressing to these works is valuable in order to differentiate the consequences, which are relevant from the majority populations’ perspective, and point out the post-displacement effects, specifically as applied to indigenous communities’ as in case of the Kola Sámi people. I will also consider anthropological approaches to forced and involuntary resettlement 9 in the Northern context. The research carried out in the field of changes in the spatial distribution of economic activity and settlements patterns across the circumpolar North [BOREAS 2011] 10 will especially be taken in consideration. The study regards general considerations on the relocations, migration and settlement distributions in Circumpolar North, in particular the Northeast and Northwest of Russia, Alaska, Chukotka, Greenland and Eastern Canadian Arctic. These studies are necessary to account for the current thesis due to its relevance for the Northern areas and analysis of the situation of the forced relocations in the Kola Sámi discourse. I take also into consideration the studies devoted to forced migrations due to construction of hydroelectric complexes and development-induced relocations. 11 One of the studied areas of relocations on the Kola Peninsula – Voron’e - was affected by the building of a hydroelectric station. 12 All in all the current study is represented by the three case study areas, which exemplify different categories in resettlement approaches. First- the rapid industrial expansion; second –connected with the military developments; and third - relocations bearing more of an administrative measure as part of economic policy. Thus, considering the above mentioned theories both on general human displacement and the forced relocations of indigenous people across the world and in areas of the circumpolar North is essential in order to evaluate the Kola Sámi situation within general scope of the resettlement studies and general theories in forced migrations in these areas. On one hand, this will allow observing the situation of the Kola Sámi community from a broader international level and on the other hand will approach the issue within its Northern perspective. 9 Cernea, Guggenheim 1993;Oliver-Smith 2009; Chatty, Colchester 2002. 10 Comparative Study of Development and Settlement in the Circumpolar North [online].- URL: http://www.alaska.edu/move/cn/, 27.04.2013. 11 Oliver-Smith 2010, Martin 2008, McDowell 1996. 12 Gutsol: 2007: 60.