Новая Земля : экспедиция 1921— 1927 гг. под начальством Р. Л. Самойловича : сборник статей М. А. Виркетис, Н. Н. Гакен, Г. П. Горбунова, М. М. Ермолаева, Р. Л. Самойловича и В. В. Тимонова. – Москва : Научно-техническое управление В.С.Х.Н.К, 1929. - 361 с., [14] л. табл., карты : ил.

— I l l — usual meaning of the word. On the elevated part of the relief, a small zone or, rather, sphere of fine-grained humus is formed around the toots of plants. Lowlands represeat marshy areas covered with sphagnum and scarce reed-grass, the level of the frozen soil lying 78 cm below the sur face. In the P u с h о v у island, the scenery is a distinct highland tundra with well marked naked saucershaped swellings and wide areas covered with fine rubble. In the P u c h o v y island, at the entrance into the gulf, there is a huge rookery. At the southern cape of the island remains of perfectly preserved peat were found, 45—50 cm thick. Sailing through Matotschkin Shar to the Kara Sea proved to be impossible because of abundant ise at that place. The investigations in the K r e s t o v a y a B a y have shown that its chasts are constituted of grits, strongly developed limestones and crystalline schists of palaeozoic age. Rich jurassic and tertiary fauna was discovered in boulders. At numerous points of the north and south coast traces of coal were observed in river- and brook-valleys, in postpliocene clays, sandstones and on the surface of the quaternary terrace. In the S o u t h S u l m e n e v Ba y too, fragments of coal were found at the lateral moraine on the low plateau of the east coast. To judge by the evidence obtained, coal is of no prac tical value. On the south shore of the Krestovaya Bay the frozen ground in moraine subclays is lying 80 cm below the surface. Roots of the cree ping willow reach as deep as 72 cm i. e. almost to the above level. In the valley opposite to the Pomorskaya Bay about a kilometer from settle ment Olghino, a buried glacier and a buried peatbog were discovered. The former presents a perfectly pure rock ice of blue colour, upon which a moraine subclay with 80—85 cm tickness and a humus layer 34—36 cm thick are formed. As to the profile of the peatbog it is interesting to note that to begin with 85—90 cm depth the ground is frozen—it is a frozen finelly titrated moraine clay containing remains of fully decomposed plants. That profile could be dug up to the depth of 250 cm, but even at such depth preserved roots of buried plants were found. In the N o r t h S u l m e n e v B a y and south of it rich carboniferous fauna was discovered. Palaeozoic fauna was also found in the Rogatchev Bay. Photographic and cinematographic record of the expedition was also secured. In 1923 the Institute disposed of no convenient ship. Therefore it pursued but the aim to investigate a comparatively small area between Ma l y K a r m a k u l y and M a t o t c h k i n Sha r . The party consisted of 4 explorers only, with Eng. R. S a m o y l o v i t c h at the head. The party disposed of a small boat provided with sailer gear. As far as Maly Karma kuly the party was brought by a steamer, whence they proceeded in the small boat to the Nameless (Bezimyanny) Bay. The next purpose was a trip to the central part of Novaya Zemlya. After having carried out the topogra phical survey of the bay and determined the astronomical point at its