Allemann, L. The sami of the Kola Peninsula : about the life of an ethnic minority in the Soviet Union / Lukas Allemann ; [transl. by Michael Lomax]. - Rovaniemi : University of Lapland Printing Centre, 2013. - 151 p. : ill., map, portr. ; 25 см. - (Senter for samiske studier, Skriftserie ; 19).

Lukas Allemann used to be a big village, but still they made everyone move out [...]. So, the lo­ cals could go wherever they liked. Most of us went to Lovozero. Q: Did they go voluntarily or were they made to? Who relocated you? A: It was the authorities, those who were in power that made us leave. They didn't waste words, just closed the village and that was that. They dismantled the whole of the kolkhoz. They also closed the community centre and the local shop. That's why we could no longer live there and had no other choice but to g o . 135 Following the forced resettlements of the pre-war period (due to collectivization) and the war (with the movements of borders and front lines), there was from the 1950s to the 1970s the third and final wave of resettlements, of which Ms Matrehina speaks here and the reasons and circumstances of which are detailed below. Since the 1970s, the Sami have lived completely centralized in a small number of settle­ ments (mesta kompaktnogo prozivanija), especially in Lovozero and Krasnoscel'e. In this time of particular deprivation with the resettlements and the rapid enlargement of the collective/state farms, the persons interviewed in my research project were working, starting families and bringing up their children. This makes this period one of the most important reference periods in the lives of my interviewees. We shall therefore be looking in particular detail at what both the existing literature and my informants have to say about this core period of my research. 5.4.1 The closing of Sami settlements The reasons for the resettlements were many. Officially, these were the enlargement of the most important collective farms (kolkhozy) and their conversion into state farms (sovkhozy), with smaller collective farms liquidated for reasons of rationaliza­ tion. Whole villages were in this way classified as having no prospects (besperspek- tivnye) and closed. This third wave of resettlement found its legal basis in the 1957 decision "On measures for further development of the economy and culture of the 135Matrehina interview, lines 95-103, 371-375. Senterfor samiske studier, Skriftserie nr. 19 80