Allemann, L. The sami of the Kola Peninsula : about the life of an ethnic minority in the Soviet Union / Lukas Allemann ; [transl. by Michael Lomax]. - Rovaniemi : University of Lapland Printing Centre, 2013. - 151 p. : ill., map, portr. ; 25 см. - (Senter for samiske studier, Skriftserie ; 19).

The Sami of the Kola Peninsula Peninsula. We moved into the forest where we could find more firewood and better moss for our reindeer. Our nomadic lifestyle revolved around reindeer .70 The fact that the Sami's reindeer herding, as long as they had not yet been exposed to foreign influences, was organized in a semi-nomadic way and on a subsistence level has mostly to do with the relatively small size of the Kola Peninsula, compared to the settlement areas of other peoples both west and east of the Urals. As the tun­ dra vegetation, especially the reindeer moss (scientific name: lichen, in Russian lisajnik/jagel') is very slow to recover, this 'scattered' form of grazing is particularly sustainable .7 1 In other words, the Sami's semi-nomadic lifestyle was based on the migratory movements of the reindeer. These are predicated by bears, which hunt them, and by the mosquitoes and other insects which are ubiquitous inland in summer, and from which the reindeer escape to the windswept shores of the Barents Sea .72 As characteristic features of traditional reindeer herding on the Kola Peninsula we can therefore list :73 - Semi-domesticated reindeer, unattended grazing - Summer migration to the Barents Sea - Herds of no more than 2,500 animals - Not expansion-oriented, but based on subsistence and sustainability. Of central importance for the Sami besides the traditional reindeer herding were hunting, fishing, berry-gathering and seal hunting. 74 We now go on to describe briefly the many changes brought about by the early colonization of the Kola Peninsula. 70Afanas'eva interview, lines 21-25. 71 Cf.: Klement'ev/Slygina 2003, 67. 72Cf.: Robinson/Kassam 1998, 77 f. 73Cf.: Robinson/Kassam 1998, 104 f. 74Cf.: Luk'jancenko 1994, 310 f. Senterfor samiske studier, Skriftserie nr. 19 33