Allemann, L. The sami of the Kola Peninsula : about the life of an ethnic minority in the Soviet Union / Lukas Allemann ; [transl. by Michael Lomax]. - Rovaniemi : University of Lapland Printing Centre, 2013. - 151 p. : ill., map, portr. ; 25 см. - (Senter for samiske studier, Skriftserie ; 19).

Lukas Allemann Unemployment was a taboo subject in the Soviet Union. Officially non-existent, it was not discussed as a social problem. Nina Afanas'eva's story here gives a very dif­ ferent picture. The vicious circle in which people found themselves when once they had been in the so-called 'profilaktorium' is obvious: they were unemployable, hardly any employer wanted them. The violent uprooting due to the resettlements was fol­ lowed for some people by further desocialization due to the state's handling of un­ employment. Criminalization of the unemployed also enabled the state to remain faithful to its long tradition of forced labour. Precisely because the subject of unemployment was taboo, people who were well integrated into the workplace scarcely concerned themselves with it. The state- organized social marginalization and criminalization of those affected - these were mostly resettled persons - also showed their impact on Ms Jur'eva - one of the per­ sons not displaced: О: Ну, была работа. А сейчас что народ живет. Сейчас работы нету! Какие-то бичевские, я называю их лентяйские деньги плотят. Это разве- А при советской власти только лодырь не работал, везде можно было устроиться и работать. Все время можно было хлеб кушать, а сейчас что народ живет. Сейчас вот у нас здесь в поселке очень много, как их называют, бичи или тунеянцы ((sic!)) или как. // A: There was work. There's none today, though, and people find it very hard to make ends meet because now there's no work. They earn a pittance. I call them bum wages. Back in the USSR, only the lazy ones were jobless. One could find work everywhere. Everyone could have enough to eat, while today people are having a very hard time. There are lots of them in our settlement, they are called bums or parasites or whatever .162 162Jur'eva interview, lines 161-165. Senterfor samiske studier, Skriftserie nr. 19 104